Hydrodynamic Impacts of a Marine Renewable Energy Installation on the Benthic Boundary Layer in a Tidal Channel

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The goitrous conditions of the thyroid gland

In presenting this study of the Pathology of Goitre I would like to make it clear that the work arose as a corollary to a more general inquiry into the problems of *Protein* disturbances both dietetic and inflammatory. The first observations were made, post mortem, on children that had died from unexplained causes after a tentative clinical diagnosis of dietetic disturbance varying from anaphylaxis to diarrhoea and vomiting. It became apparent that children could be placed in one of three groups: — normal, lymphoid, or alymphoid, if attention were directed to the thymus, spleen, pyloric mucosa, appendix and tonsils (faucial and pharyngeal). Associated with this there appeared in certain sites in the peritoneum (pyloric and caeco-appendicular) changes in the fat tissue which seemed to vary in its lymphoid character with the thymus - perhaps like the thymus the range of its meta-trophy is between lymphocytes and fat - in an endothelial organ. From this attention was soon called to the thyroid gland, Graves' disease, and to the histopathology of appendicitis and gastric ulcer by reason of the constant lymphocytic reaction presented in these conditions

Reflective Focused Schlieren System Improved for Use in 10- by 10-Foot Supersonic Wind Tunnel

The reflective focused schlieren system that was developed for use in the 10- by 10-Foot Supersonic Wind Tunnel (10x10 SWT) at the NASA Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field as part of the Unstart Test Program was improved this past year. In April 1999, the development and use of the system was presented at the Supersonic Tunnel Association International in Bedford, England. A focused schlieren system is similar to a standard schlieren system in that shock waves coming from an object in supersonic flow can be seen using a standard video camera. Unlike the standard schlieren system, which produces a two-dimensional schlieren image, a focused schlieren system can produce a threedimensional image. The preceding drawing shows the components of the reflective focused schlieren system being developed for use in the 10x10 SWT. Although the system worked well for the Unstart Test Program, it was not sensitive enough to be classified as a facility capability. Therefore, a program was implemented to improve the sensitivity of the reflective focused schlieren system so that it could be a facility capability for Glenn's 10x10 SWT. Several techniques were implemented to increase the sensitivity and to improve the overall operation of the system. These included refinement of the source grid, improvement in the cutoff grid production, improvement of the source grid and cutoff grid alignment, installation of an improved light source, and incorporation of an image-enhancing system. These changes are being implemented with the system set up in the laboratory. A checkout test of the system is planned in the 10x10 SWT in March 2000. Of these techniques, the most developed is the refinement of the source grid. The original system had a pattern of -in. by -in. squares on -in. centers (distance between the center points of adjacent squares). This gave a ratio of light to dark (reflective to nonreflective area) of 3:1. The recommended ratio is 1:1. In order to accomplish this, a pattern of -in.-diameter dots on 3/8-in. centers was developed. Preliminary tests with this pattern showed an increase in system sensitivity and image clarity. Further testing and refinement are scheduled. The former and improved dot patterns are shown. The use of glass plates to produce the cutoff grid improved the cutoff grid's quality and helped to align it with the source grid. The cutoff grid, which is the negative of the source grid, is made by exposing photography film (or glass plates) to the proper light while it is installed in the focused schlieren system. The exposed film or plate is removed from the system and then developed as a photograph negative. Because the glass plates are rigid, they eliminate the risk of distortion when the negative is reinstalled in the system and realigned with the source grid

Diffusion Approximations for Demographic Inference: DaDi

Models of demographic history (population sizes, migration rates, and divergence times) inferred from genetic data complement archeology and serve as null models in genome scans for selection. Most current inference methods are computationally limited to considering simple models or non-recombining data. We introduce a method based on a diffusion approximation to the joint frequency spectrum of genetic variation between populations. Our implementation, DaDi, can model up to three interacting populations and scales well to genome-wide data. We have applied DaDi to human data from Africa, Europe, and East Asia, building the most complex statistically well-characterized model of human migration out of Africa to date

Predictable hydrodynamic conditions explain temporal variations in the density of benthic foraging seabirds in a tidal stream environment

VC International Council for the Exploration of the Sea 2016. James J. Waggitt was funded by a NERC Case studentship supported by OpenHydro Ltd and Marine Scotland Science (NE/J500148/1). Shore-based surveys were funded by a NERC (NE/J004340/1) and a Scottish National Heritage (SNH) grant. FVCOM was funded by a NERC grant (NE/J004316/1). The bathymetry data used in hydrodynamic models (HI 1122 Sanday Sound to Westray Firth) was collected by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) as part of the UK Civil Hydrography Programme. We wish to thank Christina Bristow, Matthew Finn and Jennifer Norris at the European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC); Ian Davies at Marine Scotland Science; Gail Davoren, Shaun Fraser, Pauline Goulet, Alex Robbins and Helen Wade for invaluable discussions; Thomas Cornulier, Alex Douglas, James Grecian and Samantha Patrick for their help with statistical analysis; and Jenny Campbell and the Cockram family for assistance during fieldwork.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Predictable changes in fish school characteristics due to a tidal turbine support structure

This work was funded by NERC and Defra (NE/J004308/1, NE/J004200/1 and NE/J004332/1). BW was also funded by a NERC MREKEP Internship, an Innovate UK KTP with MeyGen Ltd. (KTP009812), the NERC VertIBase project (NE/N01765X/1) and BEIS OESEA-16-75.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Diurnal variation in harbour porpoise detection – potential implications for management

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Application of a multibeam echosounder to document changes in animal movement and behaviour around a tidal turbine structure

Acknowledgements We acknowledge the support of Shaun Fraser, Vladimir Nikora, James Waggitt, Paul Bell, Ian Davies, Eric Armstrong, and staff at Marine Scotland Science and the European Marine Energy Centre. Hydrodynamic model data were provided by Pierre Cazenave and Ricardo Torres (Plymouth Marine Laboratory). The constructive and extensive comments from three reviewers of an earlier version of this manuscript are gratefully acknowledged. Funding This work was funded by NERC and Defra (NE/J004308/1, NE/J004200/1, NE/J004332/1, NE/N01765X/1), a NERC MREKEP Internship, Innovate UK KTP (KTP009812), and the UK Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy’s offshore energy Strategic Environmental Assessment programme.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Experimental results of Hooper's gravity-electromagnetic coupling concept

Experiments were conducted to test assertions from Patent 3,610,971, by W.J. Hooper that self-canceling electromagnetic coils can reduce the weight of objects placed underneath. No weight changes were observed within the detectability of the instrumentation. More careful examination of the patent and other reports from Hooper led to the conclusion that Hooper may have misinterpreted thermal effects as his 'Motional Field' effects. There is a possibility that the claimed effects are below the detection thresholds of the instrumentation used for these tests